為什麼要塗？Why paint at all?
40K 不只是遊戲，而是 微縮模型 + 遊戲規則 + 世界觀 的三位一體嗜好。即使最基本的「戰場就緒 (Battle Ready)」塗裝，也能讓你的軍隊在桌上立刻「活起來」，對手也更願意花時間陪你玩完一場。
40K is a three-in-one hobby: miniatures + game + lore. Even the minimum "Battle Ready" paint job transforms a grey plastic pile into something you (and your opponent) actually enjoy pushing around.
很多社群場地 (FLGS / 俱樂部) 會要求 至少 3 色 + 黑底邊 才能上桌。這個標準其實不難，一個晚上就能完成一個小隊。
Many clubs and stores require at least three colours + a basecoat on the base rim to play a proper game. That bar is low: you can hit it on a squad in one evening.
必備工具清單Essential tools
以下清單分三類：必需 (NEED)、強烈建議 (OK)、有更好 (NICE)。
Three tiers: NEED (must-have), OK (strongly recommended), NICE (quality-of-life).
剪鉗
Sprue Clippers剪下零件用，絕對不要用指甲或廚房剪刀。GW 城堡 或 Godhand 都可，30–200 元價位隨便挑。
For cutting parts off the sprue. Never use your nails or kitchen scissors. GW Citadel or Godhand both fine.
必需NEED美工刀
Hobby Knife削除零件上的毛邊。平頭的小美工刀最實用。
For scraping mould lines off parts. A short, sharp craft knife is enough.
必需NEED塑膠模型膠
Plastic Cement不是三秒膠！用溶劑型塑膠膠 (Tamiya Extra Thin 或 GW Plastic Glue)，它會熔合塑膠形成永久接合。
Not superglue! Use a plastic-welding cement (Tamiya Extra Thin or GW Plastic Glue) — it chemically fuses the parts.
必需NEED底漆噴罐
Primer (spray)黑色或灰色噴罐底漆，讓壓克力顏料能吸附在塑膠表面。室外或通風處噴。
Spray-on primer (black/grey). Gives acrylic paint something to grip. Use outdoors or well-ventilated.
必需NEED基本畫筆 3 支
3 Basic Brushes粗 (基底)、中 (細節)、細 (眼睛/皮膚)。新手建議 城堡 入門 / 軍團畫師戰棋玩家 系列。
A large brush (basing), medium (details), small (eyes/skin). Citadel Starter or Army Painter Wargamer sets are fine.
必需NEED壓克力顏料 6–8 色
Acrylic Paints初期你只需要：1 個主色、1 個金屬色、1 個皮膚色、1 個洗漆、黑、白、基地土。約 6–8 罐。
Start with: 1 main colour, 1 metal, 1 skin tone, 1 wash, black, white, basing texture. ~6–8 pots total.
必需NEED洗漆 (Wash / Shade)
Wash / Shade稀釋的深色顏料，會自動流入凹陷處產生陰影。紐恩油 (黑) 與 Agrax Earthshade (棕) 是社群共識的兩大神器。
Thinned dark paint that flows into recesses and auto-shades the model. Nuln Oil (black) + Agrax Earthshade (brown) are the two universal MVPs.
強烈建議OK磁吸調色盤 / 濕式調色盤
Wet Palette讓顏料保持濕潤數小時不乾掉，大幅減少浪費；20 元自製或 150 元成品版皆可。
Keeps paints wet for hours. Hugely reduces waste. DIY for peanuts or buy Redgrass for comfort.
強烈建議OK霧面透明噴漆
Matte Varnish最後一步保護漆面並消除反光。Testors 啞光 或 GW 軍備部清漆。
Final protective layer that kills plastic shine. Testors Dullcote or GW Munitorum Varnish.
強烈建議OK銼刀與補土
Files & Green Stuff處理接縫、補洞。新手可先略過，等塗過幾隻後再添購。
For smoothing seams and filling gaps. Skip until you've painted a few models.
有更好NICE放大鏡燈或檯燈
Desk Lamp / Magnifier強光會讓畫細節變得容易 10 倍。戴眼鏡或老花的玩家尤其必備。
Strong light makes detail work ten times easier. Double-true if you wear glasses.
有更好NICE噴筆 (Airbrush)
Airbrush高效率但進階。新手不需要，待塗完 戰鬥巡邏 再考慮。
Massive speed-up but advanced. Skip until after your first Combat Patrol is painted.
有更好NICE四步驟塗裝流程The 4-step paint flow
本節介紹業界稱為「三色 + 洗 + 亮 (Slap-Chop / Speedpaint)」的最快達標法。一個星際戰士約 15–25 分鐘 就能做到「戰場就緒」水準。
This is the industry-standard "three colours + wash + highlight" method. You can hit Battle Ready on a single Marine in 15–25 minutes.
底漆噴塗Prime
每隻約 1 分鐘，但要等乾 30 分鐘。 ~1 minute per model, then dry 30 min.在組裝好的模型上噴一層薄薄的底漆。距離 20–30 公分、多角度、薄噴 2 層；通風處操作、忌粗厚堆積。黑底適合暗色軍隊 (死亡 守衛、黑色 Templars)，灰底適合多彩軍隊 (極限戰士、靈族)。
Thin, even coats from 20–30 cm. 2 light passes, multiple angles, outdoors. Black primer suits dark schemes (Death Guard, Black Templars); grey/white suits bright schemes (Ultramarines, Aeldari).
工具：噴罐底漆Tool: spray primer基底色Base coat
每隻 8–12 分鐘 8–12 minutes per model把模型上的每塊「區域」塗上該區域的主要色，不求漂亮、求 覆蓋。例如：鎧甲藍、槍械黑、皮膚肉色、布料紅。顏料用清水稀釋到「稠度像牛奶」。
Block in the main colour of each area. Don't chase neatness — chase coverage. E.g. armour = blue, gun = black, flesh = pink, cloth = red. Thin paints with water to the consistency of milk.
工具：粗/中畫筆Tool: medium brush洗漆Wash
每隻 2–3 分鐘，但要等乾 20 分鐘 2–3 minutes, then dry 20 min全模型或區域塗上一層洗漆。洗漆會流進縫隙產生陰影、瞬間提升立體感。別塗太厚，看到薄薄一層就夠；塗完放平乾燥避免積色。
Slap wash over the whole model. It pools in recesses and instantly creates shadows. Don't overload — a thin coat is plenty. Let it dry flat so it doesn't pool on one side.
工具：紐恩油 / Agrax EarthshadeTool: Nuln Oil / Agrax Earthshade提亮 (邊緣 / 乾刷 高光)Highlight
每隻 4–8 分鐘 4–8 minutes新手建議「乾刷」——沾少量顏料在紙巾上擦到幾乎沒漆，然後在模型上來回刷，凸起處自然沾色。比細線提亮容易 10 倍，效果已經夠好。
Easiest method for beginners: drybrush. Dip the brush, wipe on tissue until almost dry, then stroke over raised edges. It's 10x easier than edge-highlighting and looks plenty good.
工具：老舊的中畫筆Tool: a beat-up medium brush軍隊規模與時間估算Army scales & time
10e 有四種官方點數規模，下面是各自的大致數據與塗裝時間預估：
10th edition offers four official points scales. Here's a rough breakdown of model counts, game time and painting time:
| 規模Scale | 點數Points | 模型數Models | 一場時間Game time | 全軍塗裝Full paint | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combat Patrol | ~500 | 10–25 | 45–75 分 | 45–75 min | 6–10 小時 | 6–10 hours |
| Incursion | 1,000 | 20–40 | 1.5–2 小時 | 1.5–2 hours | 15–25 小時 | 15–25 hours |
| Strike Force | 2,000 | 40–80 | 2.5–3 小時 | 2.5–3 hours | 30–50 小時 | 30–50 hours |
| Onslaught | 3,000+ | 80+ | 4 小時以上 | 4 hours+ | 50 小時以上 | 50+ hours |
新手常犯的錯Common mistakes
顏料太稠會蓋住細節，一定要稀釋 (~1:1 或更多水)。稠度目標：像稀牛奶。
Undiluted paint clogs detail. Always thin (~1:1 water or more). Target consistency: skim milk.
厚底漆會糊掉細節，也容易剝落。寧可 3 層薄的。
A thick primer coat murders detail and can flake off. Three thin passes beat one thick one every time.
多數套件建議先組再塗；先塗的話接縫會有一圈灰色，很醜。例外：車體內裝、夾在身體後的背包等遮蔽處。
Assemble first, paint second. Painting first leaves visible grey seams. Exceptions: tank interiors, back-packs trapped behind torsos.
新手應先追求「塗完整支 戰鬥巡邏」，而不是把一個模型塗到死。完成整支軍隊的成就感 >> 完美但零散的模型。
Finishing an army trumps perfecting one model. "Done > perfect" for the first year.
洗漆用 2 分鐘就能讓模型視覺立體提升 80%。新手跳過這步是最常見的浪費。
A 2-minute wash boosts depth by 80%. Skipping it is the single most common beginner blunder.
黑色、棕色或軍隊主題色的底座邊緣是「戰場就緒」判定最關鍵的加分項。花 10 秒就能多一個色。
A painted base rim (black, brown or army-theme) is the single biggest "Battle Ready" judging criterion. Ten seconds per model.
省錢小訣竅Budget tips
- 買「對比漆 (對比漆 / 速度塗料)」：Buy Contrast / Speedpaint: 城堡 對比漆 或 軍團畫師 速度塗料，一層就有基底 + 陰影效果，新手速度飛躍。 Contrast/Speedpaint = one coat that basecoats and shades simultaneously. Huge speed boost for newbies.
- 軍團畫師 或 Vallejo 價格通常低於 城堡。Army Painter / Vallejo often cheaper than Citadel. 顏料品質接近，但 城堡 罐的設計（立式蓋）很難用。 Comparable pigment quality. Citadel pots are notoriously fiddly.
- 第三方模型：Third-party alternatives: 戰棋大西洋、曼提克、3D 列印社群都有相容、便宜的替代品。注意俱樂部/店家是否允許。 Wargames Atlantic, Mantic and the 3D-printing community all make compatible alternatives. Check your club/store allows them.
- 二手市場：Second-hand: Facebook 社團、露天、蝦皮都有整批 NoS (已剪未組) 或 NiB (全新) 模型，常是 GW 售價的 30–60 折。 FB groups, eBay and local market places constantly move NoS (clipped-not-built) and NiB kits at 30–60% off retail.
- 戰鬥巡邏 盒 CP 值最高：Combat Patrol boxes are the best value: 內含的單位如果分開買，通常要多付 30–50%。 Buying the contents separately usually costs 30–50% more than the Combat Patrol box.
進階之路Next steps
完成第一支 戰鬥巡邏 後，你可以：
Once your first Combat Patrol is painted, you can:
- 嘗試邊緣細線提亮、漸層、光源效果。 Try edge highlighting, layering, object source lighting (OSL).
- 加購一個載具或角色當做主視覺作品。 Splurge on a centrepiece vehicle or character.
- 研究官方 疼痛t App：免費，有逐步配色教學。 Check the free Citadel Colour App — step-by-step recipes for every faction.
- 看 YouTube 上的 Squidmar、Goobertown 嗜好頻道、Vince Venturella 頻道，都是頂尖教學。 YouTube: Squidmar, Goobertown Hobbies, Vince Venturella — three of the best free teachers online.
- 入手一支 極限戰士、死靈、獸人 的 Combat Patrol 後，帶去 FLGS 找人對戰。 Take your painted Combat Patrol to a FLGS and ask for a game — that's when the hobby really clicks.